Abstract: Robust and reliable calibration forms the foundation of efficient multi-sensor fusion. Most existing calibration methods are offline and rely on artificial targets, which is time consuming ...

Abstract: Previous current-based dynamic identification methods suffer from coupled motor-side uncertainties, imprecise joint drive gains, and current noises. The combined identification methods ...

Flow ratio determines how much filament is extruded and is crucial for high-quality prints. A properly calibrated flow ratio ensures consistent layer adhesion and accurate dimensions. Too low flow ...