This paper revisits the potential output of the Kyrgyz Republic considering recent structural shifts and external shocks, including the pandemic and the regional conflict. Utilizing a suite of ...

This paper presents a detailed study that reassesses potential output in the Kyrgyz Republic in light of recent structural changes and external shocks, including the pandemic and the regional conflict ...

This paper studies the negative loop caused by the interaction between pessimistic estimates of potential output and the effects of fiscal policy in Europe during 2008–2014. We argue that policymakers ...

Okun’s Law represents an empirical relationship between changes in an economy’s output and fluctuations in unemployment. Initially formulated in the early 1960s, the law posits that variations in ...