Medically reviewed by Jennifer Steinhoff, MD Key Takeaways The lumbar spine includes five vertebrae that help with mobility ...

The back supports the body’s weight and allows for flexible movement while protecting vital organs and nerve structures. It comprises the spine, nerves, and other crucial elements. Problems with the ...

What is the anatomy of the spinal cord? The human spinal cord is a cylindrical structure of nerve tissue that is protected by the spinal column and composed of uniformly organized white and grey ...

Analysis of a 3.3 million-year-old fossil skeleton reveals the most complete spinal column of any early human relative, including vertebrae, neck and rib cage. The findings indicate that portions of ...

Like a slender, fragile vine made of highly sensitive tissue and a billion neurons, your spinal cord is like a living extension of your brain running through the body. It’s also one of the most ...

Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) techniques were developed to address morbidities associated with open spinal surgery approaches. MISS was initially applied for indications such as the ...