Fraunhofer ISE development also uses recyclable aluminum for masking – removing need for problem polymers. Thin copper contacts mean the silicon layer does not experience much shading. The rising ...

Electroplating is a technique that uses an electrical current to deposit a thin layer of metal onto a surface. It is widely used across industries to enhance material properties, such as durability, ...

Wang tells PV Tech Premium that copper offers a ‘a compelling combination’ of traits to replace silver. Image: AIKO. This Premium article, which was one of the most read Premium articles in 2025, has ...

Many medical components do not need to be entirely machined or fabricated from precious metals to function as intended. Non precious metal (NPM) substrates such as nitinol or stainless steel, when ...